The Bystander Effect is a psychological phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present.
This effect arises from the tendency to transfer responsibility to others.
The concept gained attention in 1964 with the murder of Kitty Genovese in New York. Genovese was stabbed outside her home and cried for help, but despite many witnesses, no one intervened.
This incident led social psychologists to develop the theory of the Bystander Effect.
The main reasons for the Bystander Effect include:
Diffusion of Responsibility: In a group, individuals assume others will take action, so they do not.
Uncertainty: People may not fully understand the severity of the situation or whether help is needed.
Group Norms: Observing others not intervening can lead individuals to do the same.
This effect is not only observed in physical situations but also online. For example, users witnessing cyberbullying on social media may remain silent, assuming others will step in.
